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Chemical Senses 2004 29(8):651-657; doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh072
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Chemical Senses Vol. 29 No. 8 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved

Analysis of Slow Hyperpolarizing Potentials in Frog Taste Cells Induced by Glossopharyngeal Nerve Stimulation

Toshihide Sato, Yukio Okada and Kazuo Toda

Division of Integrative Sensory Physiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan

Correspondence to be sent to: Toshihide Sato, Division of Integrative Sensory Physiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan. e-mail: toshi{at}net.nagasaki-u.ac.jptoshi@net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp

Electrical stimulation of the frog glossopharyngeal (GP) nerve evoked slow hyperpolarizing potentials (HPs) in taste cells. This study aimed to clarify whether slow HPs were postsynaptically induced in taste cells. The slow HPs were recorded intracellularly with a microelectrode. When Ca2+ concentration in the blood plasma was decreased to ~0.5 mM, the amplitude of slow HPs reduced and their latency lengthened. When the Ca2+ concentration was increased to ~20 mM, the amplitude of slow HPs increased and their latency shortened. Addition of Cd2+ to the plasma greatly reduced the amplitude of slow HPs and lengthened their latency. These data suggest that the slow HPs are dependent on presynaptic activities in the GP nerve terminals in the taste disk. Of various antagonists injected intravenously for blocking receptors of neurotransmitter biogenic amines and peptides, only antagonists for substance P blocked the slow HPs at 2–4 mg/kg body wt. Application of substance P of 2 mg/kg to the plasma induced hyperpolarizing responses in taste cells, whose amplitude was the same as that of the slow HPs induced by GP nerve stimulation. Application of a nonselective cation channel antagonist, flufenamic acid, to the plasma blocked the slow HPs. These results suggest that the slow HPs are generated by closing the nonselective cation channels in the postsynaptic membrane of taste cells following possible release of substance P from the GP nerve terminals in the taste disk.

Key words: flufenamic acid, frog taste cell, gustatory efferent synapse, slow hyperpolarizing potential, substance P


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